Starting the process of searching for an apartment, we are looking for options that meet our requirements, first of all, by the price, number of rooms, total and living space, remoteness from the metro and convenience of transport accessibility, the area and floor. But the issue of the type of house and its project very few of the potential buyers pay due attention. In fact, it is very vain, because the comfort of living in your future apartment and some technical features of the building directly depend on the type of house and a particular project. So, for example, the number of households, the type of planning of apartments, materials used for construction, heat and sound insulation, the purpose of the first floors of a residential building (retail premises, technical premises or apartments) depends on a specific project.
With the most striking representatives of the houses of the old housing stock, most Muscovites are well familiar, and conditionally shares them as follows.
“Khrushchevs”
“Khrushchevs” – houses built from the end of the 1950s to the mid -1960s (although later there are later buildings dated to 1972). They differ in small apartments often with combined bathrooms, passing rooms and a kitchen area in the region of 5.5 – 6 square meters. Mostly such houses were built from panels, although their brick twin brothers are also found, who have better heat and sound insulation and the lack of freezing of the walls. In addition, it is easier to find two -room apartments with isolated rooms in brick houses. There are no elevators or garbage chips in such houses. This type of houses is represented by two main series 1-510 (panel houses) and 1-511 (brick houses). It is the 1-510 series that is included in the reconstruction program of dilapidated housing, according to which, for the most part, residential buildings are demolished with the subsequent resettlement of residents in new buildings. So buying an apartment in such a house gives a real chance in the future to change your small -sized apartment for a spacious new building with the same number of rooms without additional payments for additional meters.
“Brezhnevka”
“Brezhnevki” – houses built in the period from 1964 to 1980. Unlike Khrushchevs, there is an elevator and a garbage chute, and the total area of apartments is slightly larger. But at the same time, the main problem of this type of houses is poor heat and sound insulation. In this regard, these houses are also included in the reconstruction program of dilapidated housing, but only with the aim of carrying out major repairs in them. At the same time, among “Brezhnevok” you can also find brick multi-storey buildings and bashni houses, the most striking representatives of which are projects II-67 “Moskvoretskaya”, II-67 “Smirnovskaya”, II-67 “Tishinskaya” and Vulykh Tower. The apartments in these houses were originally given as housing to employees of the law enforcement agencies, middle -level managers and employees of the VPK enterprises. The areas here vary from 34 to 74 square meters, while there are separate bathrooms and large loggias. It is not so that this series of houses is not so enough buyers of this series of houses, although this housing is not modern.
“Stalin”
“Stalin” – houses built from mid -1930s to 1956. The main construction material was a brick, which allows you to arrange these houses in the original architectural style. Such houses are mainly located in the central and close to the central districts of Moscow. For example, in the area of Mira Avenue, Leninsky Prospekt, Kutuzovsky Prospekt, the whole appearance of which consists of houses of this era. Despite the early stage of construction, such houses were valued at all times, thanks to good thermal insulation, spacious apartments, high ceilings, elevators and garbage chips. The height of such houses varies from 7 to 12 floors. Buy an apartment in such a house and today is considered rather prestigious.
Block houses
Block houses are a hybrid between Khrushchevs and Brezhnevs and also belong to the category of budget housing, which was built during the mass development in the 1970s-1980s. Such houses have a very dull look, and do not consist of whole panels, but of individual blocks. Hence the problems with heat – and sound insulation, freezing of the walls, mold and small dimensions of apartments logically follow. But in such houses there are spacious loggias in almost all apartments and there are no problems with redevelopment, since all walls, except external ones, are not carrying. The height of such houses is from 12 to 16 floors. Apartments in such houses are not the most popular in the secondary real estate market.
In general, if a certain opinion has already developed about the houses of the “old” series, then about the houses of new series that appeared after 2000, even the indigenous people of the city have a very vague representation. The same panel houses in the modern version are radically different from, say, panel five -story buildings, which now actively fall under the demolition program of dilapidated and emergency housing. And new monolithic-brick houses can often cost even cheaper panel, although the cost of their construction is an order of magnitude higher. But here the direct territorial location begins to play great importance. Each type of modern houses also has its own series, which are constantly updated, modified, and sometimes even adapt to a specific project. Today we will try to get acquainted with the most popular new buildings in the markets and series of houses and understand their features, advantages and disadvantages.
Modern construction companies build the following types of houses:
Panel
Monolithic
Monolithic-brick
Panel-brick
Brick
The most popular type of houses in the economy class housing market continue to remain new panel houses for the production of which modern improved materials are used, and the layouts are radically different from our stereotypical idea of typically panel small apartments. In some series of houses, such as I-1723, facades are covered with ceramic tiles, which creates a special image of the building. Even for the most typical budget houses, such architectural solutions as biases and semi -errackers are now used now.
New panel houses differ from the old use of new seamless technologies of connecting plates, which allow you to maintain heat and eliminate the appearance of such an unpleasant phenomenon as mold and freezing of the walls. In addition, a new approach to construction allows, even in an economy class, to offer options for apartments with free layout due to the fact that not all walls in apartments are supporting. The quality of not only the external, but also the interior decoration of these new generation houses is an order of magnitude different from the old panels that are familiar to us. The area of the kitchen increased from 5 to a minimum of 9.2 square meters. The ceilings became higher, and the usual 2.48 were replaced by 2.78 options, which visually increased the space. Modern planning of apartments excluded uncomfortable passing rooms, and added additional dressing rooms and pantries, and also expanded the halls and corridors. Now even economy class housing can be safely called comfortable. And in comparison with the panel houses of the old fund, where the very concept of “panel” was perceived as something abusive, such housing will generally seem like a paradise. New apartments are already equipped with four and two tariff electric meters, meters for hot and cold water, as well as for gas. This equipment is installed centralized, which means that no additional financial investments requires you.
Panel houses differ in height. The first category is 15-17 floors. The second category-projects of 23-story houses. And the third category is the lifts of 25 floors. One of the most popular series of panel residential buildings is the I-155 MK series. For the construction of this series of houses, three -layer block panels are used, which, thanks to the use of modern technologies, have excellent sound – and thermal insulation. The most serious requirements for fire safety are presented here, and all staircases are equipped with anti -pillowment systems. Residents of this series will delight wide doors, convenient ramps, the presence of three elevators, a comfortable area of apartments, which is presented in a fairly wide range of 36 to 141 square meters. An interesting advantage of this project is the presence of an additional guest bathroom in two, three and four -room apartments.
The new series of panels, which successfully won the construction market of St. Petersburg and Moscow, is the Euro’p series, which uses the advanced technology of seamless facades and excellent quality surfaces. Wiring and heating is laid inside the walls in order to increase the level of security. All apartments provide for spacious glazed balconies. Planning decisions of apartments allow their owners to experience a sense of real comfort and comfort. The houses of this series are currently being built in such residential complexes as “New Domodedovo” and “Novokosino-2”, as well as as part of a higher class “Life Mitinskaya” project.
Monolithic houses are also no less popular, the construction of which, according to the results of 2012, in the economy class category exceeded 60% of the total volume of and built residential complexes under construction. The most striking objects of such construction include residential complexes Tatyanan Park, New Izmailovo, Maryino Grad, Raspberry stream, Western Kuntsevo, Green Alleys. Monolithic and monolithic-brick houses are used to build residential complexes, from economy class and ending with elite housing. They are most in demand in a comfort class. Depending on the category of housing, these houses suggest underground parking and fenced house territory, on which recreation areas and playgrounds are located. Internal planning solutions allow us to offer options for apartments with free layouts, transformer apartments and an apartment of increased comfort. Here you can easily find studio apartments and apartments. Moreover, among the houses of these types, quite budget series are also met. For example, the per square meter in the new residential complex “Tatyanan Park” starts from 79,850 rubles per square meter. The main difference between monolithic-brick houses from panel is the service life, which is 100-150 years (it is only 50 years of panels), higher quality of building materials and individual, and not serial solutions. As a rule, series among this category of houses are quite rare, only if some individual project was a great success, and it was decided to replicate it for another residential complex.
During the construction of monolithic houses, the frame of the building is created from solid concrete, which allows excluding the presence of seams, and, consequently, maintain a higher heat – and noise insulation compared to the panels. Monolithic-brick houses are a hard concrete frame and external brick walls. Such a variety of monolithic houses is the most popular in today’s real estate market.
A business class, comfort class and elite housing are built mainly from monolithic-brick, which is the leader of the modern construction market in terms of quality of materials and opportunities for the technical equipment of buildings.
In its pure form, brick houses practically stopped being built after the 1980s. Now such options can be found only in the form of individual single projects, although the brick continues to be considered the most reliable building material.
Modern apartments and apartments of monolithic-brick houses are rented without internal partitions, which gives scope for imagination and the possibility of using various architectural and design solutions. The height of the ceilings is 3-3.5 meters, and the total area meets all the requirements of comfort. This type of houses provides for the installation of all the necessary security systems and the high quality of the decoration of facades, internal premises and public zones (halls, stairwells, corridors, etc. p.).
Another variety of houses is panel-brick houses, the outer walls of which are made of brick with insulation. One of the most striking examples of such houses is a series of I-1630 “Prism”. The main feature of the houses of this series are increased metabolism of apartments (from 81-189 square meters), which fit perfectly into the category of business class. The first floors in such houses are used as technical or for commercial real estate objects. The house presents apartments from one -room to five -rooms, with balconies and loggias, two bathrooms, dark rooms and spacious kitchens (from 13 to 16.6 kV. meters). Residential complexes of this series are located in Mitino, Maryinsky Park, Zhulebino, Kurkino, South and North Butovo, as well as in the nearest cities of the Moscow Region Krasnogroske, Solnechnogorsk, Balashikha, Dmitrov and others. In addition to business class houses, there are also series for consumers of comfort and economy class. The find for these categories was the 349/01 series, consisting of one -room and two -room apartments, which are most popular in this category. The houses of this series are built an advantage in the cities of Podolsk, Pavlovsky Posad and Stupino. Do not confuse real panel-brick houses with panel houses, which are faced “under the brick”. The houses of such a series of “pseudo brick houses” include the D-25N1 series.
In Moscow and the Moscow region, 4 main house -building plants can be distinguished, each of which specializes in its own series of houses.
DSK-1 produces panel houses of the P-44, P-44T, P-44M, P-44MT series. The residents of these series of houses are offered rather spacious isolated rooms, a balcony, a comfortable bathroom and a rather large kitchen. In addition, the P-44T and P-44M series offer apartments with an improved more comfortable layout, which consists in spacious kitchens (about 14 square meters, which is quite a lot for this class of houses), second additional bathrooms, several loggias and the availability of dark rooms or dark rooms or Wardrobe. For the last two episodes of houses, modern three -layer panels are used, which increase the level of heat and sound insulation.
DSK-2 specializes in houses such as CPE (voluminous-planning layout elements). The main feature of these houses is the possibility of creating original planning solutions with the expansion of living rooms, combining the kitchen and dining room, increasing the area of the bathroom in which a jacuzzi can easily be placed. These houses are popular in that they are non -standard typical housing. You can find out such houses by their branded white-brown checkered facade.
The main task of DSK-3 is the construction of houses with an increased level of comfort, which are represented by the P-3M series. These residential complexes are equipped with everything necessary for the convenience of their residents, equipped with triple double -glazed windows and have interesting architectural solutions in the form of bay windows, voluminous balconies and combinations of sections of different heights.
DSK-4 builds the houses of the P-46M and PD-4 series, the main advantage of which is an enhanced heat insulation uncharacteristic for ordinary panels, making such houses more reliable and not inferior to their monolithic-brick and monolithic-panel brothers.
In addition to the above-mentioned house-building plants, an organization called the Su-155, which builds residential complexes of the most popular modern panel series P-3M, P-55M, P-46M, I-155 and increased comfort houses, is also engaged in active construction.
So, we tried to get acquainted very briefly with the main types and series of modern houses, and casually touched the old housing stock. It is certainly impossible to cover absolutely all the old and new series in one review, but you should have a general idea. Now choosing an apartment for yourself, you will definitely know about the main advantages and disadvantages of different series. Take an interest in which project the house you purchase belongs to, and read more about this specific series.